[FAO] Magic Squares : Knowledge Stuff

MAGIC SQUARES

Magic squares have fascinated humanity throughout the ages,and have been around for over 4,120 years. They are found in a number of cultures, including Egypt and India, engraved
on stone or metal and worn as talismans. The belief here being that magic squares had Astrological and Divinatory qualities, their usage ensuring age longevity and prevention or cures of human diseases.

[1] MAGIC SQUARE THREE by THREE TOTALING 15

A three by three (3x3) magic square totaling 15 horizontally, vertically or diagonally. The Chinese knew about this magic square
in 650 BC.

4	9	2
3	5	7
8	1	6

[2] MAGIC SQUARE THREE by THREE TOTALING 72

The Kubera-Kolam is a floor painting used in India which is
in the form of a magic square of order three. It is essentially
the same as the chinese Lo Shu Square, but with 19
added to each number, giving a magic constant of 72.

23	28	21
22	24	26
27	20	25

[3] MAGIC SQURE FOUR by FOUR TOTALLING 34

7	12	1	14
2	13	8	11
16	3	10	5
9	6	15	4

The 3x3 magic square was used as part of rituals in India from vedic times, and continues to be used to date.The Ganesh yantra is a 3x3 magic square. A well known early 4x4 magic square in India can be seen in Khajuraho in the Parshvanath Jain temple. It dates from the 10th century. Based on this it spread to Europe.

[4] MAGIC SQUARE TWELVE by TWELVE TOTALING 870

And it can go on developing and here is something really big a
12 columns x 12 rows magic square:

Order 12, sum 870
1	120	121	48	85	72	73	60	97	24	25	144
142	27	22	99	58	75	70	87	46	123	118	3
11	110	131	38	95	62	83	50	107	14	35	134
136	33	16	105	52	81	64	93	40	129	112	9
8	113	128	41	92	65	80	53	104	17	32	137
138	31	18	103	54	79	66	91	42	127	114	7
5	116	125	44	89	68	77	56	101	20	29	140
139	30	19	102	55	78	67	90	43	126	115	6
12	109	132	37	96	61	84	49	108	13	36	133
135	34	15	106	51	82	63	94	39	130	111	10
2	119	122	47	86	71	74	59	98	23	26	143
141	28	21	100	57	76	69	88	45	124	117	4

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